Question

State your observation in each of the following cases:
When calcium hydroxide is heated with ammonium chloride crystals

Answer 1

We know that calcium hydroxide is a strong base and ammonium chloride is formed by the action of ammonia with hydrochloric acid. Ammonium chloride is acidic in nature as it is formed by neutralization reaction of ammonia and hydrochloric acid. We know that ammonia is a weak base and hydrochloric acid is a strong acid.

Complete step by step answer:
We must remember that the formation of salt and water occurs when acid and base reacts with one other, the acid gets neutralized because of base. We can define it as a neutralization reaction, and heat is liberated. The development of new bonds in the reaction occurs due to the liberation of heat. Tougher the amount of acid and base, the more amount of heat is given out.
When we react bases with acids, the neutralization reaction happens. We can say that reaction of acid-base is a type of double displacement reaction where the chemical reaction happens between an acid and a base known as neutralization reaction. The ionic compound produced besides water in this reaction is called salt.
So, now coming back to the question, when calcium hydroxide is reacted with crystals of ammonium chloride, the products formed as calcium chloride, ammonia, and water.
We can write the chemical equation as,
$Ca{\left( {OH} \right)_2} + 2N{H_4}Cl \to CaC{l_2} + 2N{H_3} + 2{H_2}O$
Here the ionic compound formed along with water is calcium chloride. During this reaction, we could observe the liberation of ammonia gas. A pungent smell occurs because of the liberation of ammonia gas and it is alkaline in nature. The released gas changes red litmus into blue.

Note: We have to remember that the reaction of acetic acid and calcium carbonate is an example of acid-base or neutralization reaction. The product produced by the neutralization reaction of acetic acid and calcium carbonate is calcium acetate and carbonic acid. The neutralization reaction could be written as,
$2C{H_3}COO{H_{\left( {aq} \right)}} + CaC{O_{3(aq)}} \to {H_2}C{O_{3(aq)}} + Ca{\left( {C{H_3}COO} \right)_{2(aq)}}$
Here, acetic acid plays the role of acid and calcium carbonate plays the role of base.
Carbonic acid gets decomposed into water and carbon dioxide because of its unstable nature. So, the final products obtained in this neutralization reaction are water, carbon dioxide and calcium acetate.
$2C{H_3}COO{H_{\left( {aq} \right)}} + CaC{O_{3(aq)}}\xrightarrow{{}}{H_2}{O_{\left( l \right)}} + C{O_{2(g)}} + Ca{\left( {C{H_3}COO} \right)_{2(aq)}}$.