Question

State whether the following statements are true or false.
The increased superiority of hybrids over the parents is called heterosis.
A) True
B) False

Answer 1

Heterosis is the process in which the progeny of different crosses in between the different species, have greater abilities then the parent species and helps in the formation of more advanced organisms in biodiversity.

Complete answer:
The studies of genetic variations and mechanisms of the transfer of the characteristics from the parents to the progeny has been observed by the various scientific communities and they have reached very important results and succeeded in this field of science.

Variation among the spices leads to the formation of new and better individuals in the population and helps in the survival of organisms in harsh conditions. So, it is very important to have advanced individuals then the parent individuals. This process of generation of more advanced individuals in a population then the parents of the population is known as heterosis.

This can be divided into two main categories
i) Dominance: According to this model, recessive alleles of the chromosomes which are present at different loci are complemented in the hybrid chromosome after the crossing over in the meiosis process.
ii) Overdominance: According to this model, whenever alleles present at different locations, interact with each other and form hybrid, then there is an increase in the physical strength of the alleles.

Thus, we can conclude the answer that the statement is correct and option ‘A’ is the correct answer.

Note: Heterosis in the plant cells means, the cell number will be different in the progeny but cell size does not change generally. Flowering time can also vary in this condition which can lead to increase or decrease in the flowering time according to required conditions to be used in the plant tissue culture.