Question

State the material used for the core and describes its structure.

Answer 1

The transformer has three parts. The core, primary winding and the secondary winding are those parts. The core would be highly permeable.

Complete step by step answer:
The transformer core is the pathway for the magnetic field lines. The construction of the core of the transformer depends on how we wing the coils in the secondary and primary. Let’s know about the closed core transformer construction and shell core transformer construction.
In the closed core transformer, the primary coil and the secondary coils are winding outside and they are surrounding the core. In the shell core transformer, as the name suggests the primary and the secondary coils form a shell. Both are passing inside the magnetic core.
Now see how both the types of transformers work. Since the magnetic flux is travelling throughout the core from the primary to secondary coil, there will be no loss in the magnetic flux. The magnetic coupling can be increased by when two windings are close in contact. The electric current is circulating inside the iron core. This leads to eddy current. The efficiency of the transformer can be reduced due to eddy currents. Therefore we want to provide low reluctance to the magnetic field. Using thin steel laminations will help to reduce the power losses due to induced voltage. And the core is made of highly permeable thin silicon steel laminations.

Note: Here we have given a step- down transformer. Hence the input voltage is high and the output voltage is low. Whereas, in step- up transformers, the input voltage is low and output voltage is high.