Question

State the effect of temperature on the density of a substance

Answer 1

Hint We know that density is mass per unit volume. We also know that increasing temperature means that the particles gain more kinetic energy and move more vigorously. This causes the volume to increase. Subsequently, we can see that the density also drops
It is also kept in mind that density is dependent on temperature.

Complete step by step answer
It is given in the question that to find the relation of the effect of temperature on the density of a substance.
For this, we will first recall the definition of density.
We know that the density of a substance is defined as the amount of substance present per unit volume or we can say that the density is given by the ratio of mass and the volume of the substance.
$Density = \dfrac{{mass}}{{volume}}$
It means the density is directly proportional to the mass of the substance and it is inversely proportional to its volume.
Now, we know that volume is directly proportional to the temperature. It means if we increase the temperature then the volume of the substance will also increase.
Similarly, if we decrease the temperature then the volume of the substance will also decrease.
It means if the temperature increases then the volume of the substance will also increase and this will decrease the density of the substance as the volume is inversely proportional to the density.
Similarly, if the temperature decreased then the volume of the substance will also decrease and this will increase the density of the substance.
Therefore, the density of the substance is inversely proportional to the temperature.

Additional information
We can easily learn this relation of density, volume, and temperature by using this flow chart
$Density = \dfrac{1}{{volume}} = \dfrac{1}{{temperature}}$
The volume is directly proportional to the temperature whereas the density of the substance is inversely proportional to the volume and thus, it is inversely proportional to the temperature. If we raise the temperature the density of the substance decreases and vice-versa.

Note It is observed the majority of one takes the relation just opposite to the actual answer. They may write their answer as density is directly proportional to the temperature which is not true. To avoid such a mistake, one should recall the basics that density is inversely proportional to volume which means the temperature will also be inversely proportional to the density.