Question

State the disadvantage of inbreeding among cattle. How it can be overcome?

Answer 1

Inbreeding, as opposed to outbreeding, which is the mating of unrelated species, is the mating of individuals or species that are closely related by shared ancestry. Inbreeding is useful in preserving desirable characteristics or replacing undesirable characteristics.

Complete answer:
It also results in a decline in the vigor, height, and fertility of the offspring due to the combined effect of both parents' harmful genes. Selfing, or self-fertilization, the union of male and female sex cells formed by the same organism, is the closest method of inbreeding. Linebreeding is a type of inbreeding that, on the basis of their relationships with a certain superior ancestor, involves selecting mates. Backcross is a common inbreeding process. Inbreeding results in homozygosity, which may increase the chances of deleterious or recessive characteristics affecting offspring.

Disadvantages of inbreeding- Inbreeding depression is caused by continuous inbreeding among cattle. It reduces an animal's fertility and, also, productivity. By applying outbreeding, in which mating is performed between different breeds or individuals of the same breed but without common ancestors, it can be overcome. Outbreeding entails hybridisation of out-crossing, cross-breeding and interspecific.

By pairing the selected animals of the breeding population with unrelated superior animals of the same breed to restore fertility and yield, inbreeding depression in cattle is overcome. Allowing selected breeding population animals to be matched with unrelatedly superior animals of the same breed helps to alleviate the depression of inbreeding in cattle. This helps restore fertility and yield as well.

Note: In livestock breeding, when attempting to create a new and desirable trait in the stock and to produce separate families within a breed, breeders may use inbreeding, but will need to look for undesirable characteristics in offspring, which can then be removed by more selective breeding or culling. Inbreeding also helps to determine the type of action of the gene that causes a trait. To discover deleterious recessive alleles, inbreeding is often used.