Question

Sporophyte is not an independent generation in ___________.
A. Bryophytes
B. Pteridophytes
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms

Answer 1

In order to make the study of various forms of plants simpler, plants are categorised into some groups such as bryophytes, pteridophytes, etc. A sporophyte is known to be the diploid multicellular stage in a plant or algae's life cycle. Liverworts, hornworts and mosses are plants where the sporophyte is not an independent generation.

Complete answer:
The diploid multicellular stage of the life cycle of plants is the sporophyte. Sporophyte develops from the fusion of haploid male gamete and haploid female gamete from the zygote formed. It is the non-sexual process of the course of plant life. The non-vascular terrestrial plants are bryophytes. Bryophytes do not produce seeds or flowers. They replicate by spores. Gametophyte and sporophyte are independent of each other in bryophytes. For example, Marchantia, mosses, liverworts, etc. The vascular plants are pteridophytes.

Pteridophytes do not grow flowers or seeds. The life cycle phases of plants i.e. gametophyte and sporophyte, are dependent on each other in pteridophytes.

Gymnosperms are plants that contain seeds. They are also vascular plants. Gymnosperm-produced seeds are bare, i.e. the seeds are not enclosed by fruit. Sporophyte and gametophyte are dependent on each other in gymnosperms. Conifers, cycads, etc. are some of the examples. Angiosperms are vascular plants and flowering plants. Angiosperms produce seeds as well as flowers. Within the kingdom of Plantae, they are the largest group. Gametophyte and sporophyte are dependent on each other in angiosperms.

Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Note: A dominant, autonomous, photosynthetic, thalloid or erect phase is a haploid gametophyte. The dominant stage alternates with the multicellular sporophyte, which is short-lived. For anchorage and nutrition, the sporophyte is fully or partially dependent on the gametophyte. This pattern is represented by all bryophytes.