Question

SONAR is based on the principle of:
a)echo
b)resonance
c)reverberation
d)damping

Answer 1

In order to choose the correct alternative from those provided we first need to know each of the terms given to us as the options. Further we will also need to know what does SONAR mean. Once we have the necessary data as mentioned above we will be able to choose the correct option.

Complete step by step answer:
To begin with let us first understand what does SONAR means. SONAR stands for sound navigation and ranging. This type of device uses ultrasonic sound waves to detect distance objects. In Sonar’s, the sound wave is emitted from the transmitter, reflected from the distant object and then the receiver receives the wave. Since we already know the speed of sound in a particular medium the time is recorded such that the time interval when the signal is transmitted and detected by the receiver is noted. Since we already know the time and the speed of the wave we can calculate the distance between the distant objects with respect to the device. Now let us understand each of the terms given to us in the options.
Echo is a sound which repeats itself at regular intervals of time. The resonance is a phenomenon when two waves having the same frequencies overlap each other. Reverberation is a process where in the sound waves gets reflected on encountering objects and damping is the process where in the waves amplitude gradually decreases with time.
If we compare the working of the SONAR with the above options, we can say that the SONAR works on the principle of reverberation.

So, the correct answer is “Option c”.

Note: SONAR has a wide field of applications. It is basically used in submarines and ships to detect objects below the surface of the water. The frequency of the waves used in SONAR’s are very high which lie within the ultrasonic region.