Question

Select the group of animals adapted for ammonotelism, guanotelism and ureotelism respectively, from the following :
A) Tadpole larva of frog, spider, pigeon.
B) Scorpion, turtle, labeo.
C) Catla, Penguin, Cat.
D) Cobra, Cockroach, Bombay Duck.

Answer 1

Excretion is the process by which waste products are excreted out as excretory products from the organisms body.

Complete answer:
The process of eliminating ammonia from the body is known as Ammonotelism, and the organisms which exhibit this process are - Ammonotelics. Aquatic animals excrete ammonia directly into their surroundings.
Based on the excretory products, these are the 5 modes of excretion in animals :
->Ammonotelism (excretion type - ammonia)
->Ureotelism (excretion type - urea)
->Aminotelism (excretion type - amino acids)
->Uricotelism (excretion type - uric acid)
->Guanotelism (excretion type - guanine)
Some of the animals convert the ammonia into guanine before excretion, and are thus called Guanotelics. An example is - Spiders. This is a trait found in some reptiles, birds and earthworms.
In some mammals and amphibians, urea is excreted as waste. This elimination is called Ureotelism, and such organisms are called Ureotelic animals. In these organisms, ammonia that is produced is converted to urea in their livers, and is released back into the blood. It is less toxic.
Option a) : Some guanotelic animals are - scorpions, snakes, pigeons, reptiles, penguins, etc. Thus, it is the incorrect option.
Option b) : Ureotelic animals are sharks, turtles, crocodiles, cats, etc.Thus, it is the incorrect option.
Option c) : Catla, Penguin, Cat - are ammonotelic, guanotelic, and ureotelic respectively.Thus this is the Correct option.
Option d) : Since Cockroaches are Uricotelic and Cobras are Ureotelic.Thus, this option is also incorrect.

Note: Ammonia is highly-soluble, thus, it needs plenty of water for its excretion. It is also very toxic to tissues.

Guanine is insoluble in water, therefore, no water is required for its excretion.
Birds, amphibians, reptiles, most of the aquatic animals, larvae, and mammals including humans excrete urea acid as waste.
Most fish, protozoans, echinoderms, poriferans and crustaceans fall into the ammonotelic category.