Question

Select the correct matching of a hormone, its source, and function.

| Hormone| Source| Function
---|---|---|---
1.| Prolactin | Posterior pituitary | Regulates the growth of mammary glands and milk formation in females
2.| Vasopressin| Posterior pituitary | Increases loss of water through urine
3.| Norepinephrine| Adrenal medulla | Increases heartbeat, rate of respiration, and alertness
4.| Glucagon| Beta-cells of islets of Langerhans| Stimulates glycogenolysis

Answer 1

The above listed options are hormones and their functions. Hormones are protein molecules that are destined to perform particular functions. Almost all of the hormones are released from the brain of the human body.

Complete step by step answer: Prolactin hormone which is also called lactotropin is a protein which enables the female mammals to produce milk. Prolactin hormone is also represented as PRL. Prolactin hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland specifically the anterior portion of the pituitary gland. Prolactin hormone is also responsible for the pancreatic development, metabolism, and regulation of the immune system. In option A it is mentioned that prolactin is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland which is incorrect. So, option A is an incorrect match.
-Vasopressin which is also called antidiuretic hormone or ADH is the peptide hormone that is synthesized by the neurons of the hypothalamus which is situated in the brain. The posterior pituitary releases vasopressin hormone in response to hypertonicity. The primary function of vasopressin is to retain the water in the body to form concentrated urine and reduce the volume of urine. It also induces vasoconstriction which increases the blood pressure by constricting the blood vessels. Hence, option B is also wrong as the function is incorrect in the given match.
-The adrenal medulla releases the norepinephrine hormone in the bloodstream. It also acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and sympathetic nervous system. Due to the release of increased levels of norepinephrine rate of constriction is increased which in turn increases the heartbeat. It induces flight or fight response in an individual making the person more alert than in the normal situation and increases the rate of respiration. So, option C is the correct match.
-Glucagon hormone is released by the alpha cells of islets of Langerhans and its function is to increase the levels of glucose in the blood. So, option D is also incorrect.
So, option C is the correct answer.

Note: Norepinephrine injections are used to treat the patient with low blood pressure. Norepinephrine also dilates the pupil of the eye. It also increases the production of tears making the eyes moist. In patients with low glucose levels, glucagon injections are used.