Question

Ribosomes are the center for which the following?
A) Respiration
B) Protein synthesis
C) Photosynthesis
D) Oxidation

Answer 1

The cell contains various subparts which are known as the cell organelles and each of the cell organelle is designated to perform specific functions. The different cell organelles perform important functions and processes which are essential regarding the maintenance of the cell. The various cell organelles are nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, lysosomes etc.

Complete answer:
The ribosomes are important cell organelles that perform an important function of synthesis of protein through the translation of messenger RNA. They are the center of protein synthesis. Ribosomes are a sphere-shaped structure and are found in the cytoplasm. They consist of two subunits which are known as smaller and larger ribosomal subunits. The subunits consist of one or more ribosomal RNA and proteins.

Ribosome consists of RNA and associated proteins. It is present in large numbers in the cytoplasm of living cells. They function as a site for the translation (protein synthesis) of mRNA into a polypeptide amino acid sequence. The ribosomes decode the information carried by the mRNA and proteins are assembled and produced. They bind messenger RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins, and transfer RNA. Due to the important functions in the protein synthesis, ribosomes are considered as the center of protein synthesis.

Respiration is the physiological mechanism in which an organism 's cells receive energy by mixing oxygen and glucose, resulting in carbon dioxide, water, and ATP being released.
Photosynthesis is the phenomenon by which green plants and some other species turn light energy into chemical energy. Light energy is captured in green plants during photosynthesis and is used to convert water, carbon dioxide, and minerals into oxygen-rich organic compounds.

Biological oxidation in living cells is an energy-producing process and is combined with a reduction reaction. Oxidation is the loss of electrons by a molecule, particle, or ion during a reaction. The opposite method is called reduction, which occurs when there is a gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state of an atom, molecule, or ion.

Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: Ribosomes are present in the cytoplasm and play an important role in the protein synthesis. During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble on the mRNA strand, attracting amino acid to tie with the tRNA molecules. When the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein, a long chain of amino acids is formed. Thus, the ribosomes are considered as the centre of protein synthesis.