Question

Ribosome take part in protein synthesis in
A. Virus
B. Prokaryotes
C. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
D. Eukaryotes only

Answer 1

The protein synthesis is a process in which the protein production takes place inside the cell and also this process involves some of the special proteins. This process takes place in two stages that is, the transcription (DNA to mRNA) and the translation (mRNA to protein).

Complete step-by-step answer:
The protein production occurs with the central dogma of life. In which every cell performs two main processes that is, the transcription (DNA to mRNA) and the translation (mRNA to protein). But the step by step processes can be different for the prokaryotes and the eukaryotes.
Transcription: In this process, when the cell is ready to perform transcription, it collects all the required proteins and enzymes and starts the process of the DNA to the mRNA conversation. Hence, the transcription takes place in three main steps, that is, initiation, elongation and termination.
Initiation: It is the beginning of the transcription where the RNA polymerase binds to the gene regions called as the promoter. This binding of the enzyme helps in the unwinding of the DNA double stranded molecule so that the enzymes can read the DNA and transcribe it into single stranded mRNA.
Elongation: It is the process in which the nucleotides are added continuously to make a whole long mRNA molecule which is required for the translation.
Termination: In this step transcription completes and mRNA molecule gets detached from the DNA parent molecule.
After the process of transcription, translation happens. In this process RNA gets converted into protein. During the process, tRNA brings the amino acid rRNA helps in the catalysis and the process takes place in the ribosome of the cells. The ribosome consists of the two sub-units.
Hence, we can conclude that the process of the translation takes place in the ribosome of both the prokaryotes and the eukaryotes.

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Note: After the process of transcription in the eukaryotes, processing of the mRNA takes place. Because in the eukaryotes, premature mRNA is produced after transcription, which needs to be processed to produce mature mRNA. This step contains the splicing, editing, capping and tailing. This step does not take place in the prokaryotes. The splicing helps in the production of multiple proteins from a single gene.