Question

Renal calculi are formed due to
A. Calcium oxalate crystals accumulation
B. Bacterial infection
C. Clotting of blood
D. Presence of hard particle in food

Answer 1

1)Renal calculi are kidney stones.
2)They are the hard solid masses developed inside the kidney or other parts of the urinary tract.

Complete answer:
Option A: Renal calculi or kidney stones are the hard masses formed by the deposition of minerals and salt inside the kidney and urinary tract. When the level of calcium intake increases, through filtration of blood they concentrate in the urine. In time, they come together and crystalize. Accumulation of calcium oxalate crystals develops into bigger masses known as kidney stones. Therefore this is the correct answer. The kidney stones will cause severe sharp pain when it starts to move around. Back pain and lower abdominal pain are the symptoms of kidney stones. The urination can be often painful and with blood.

Option B: Bacterial infections in the urinary tract usually infect the kidneys, bladder, and urethra. The condition is called urinary tract infections (UTI). They are caused by bacteria like E.coli. This will make micturition painful and in severe cases can cause kidney damage. They don't cause renal calculi. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Option C: Blood clots are often found in the urinary tract which is the result of injuries. This can be a result of renal calculi sometimes. But blood clots don't form renal calculi. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Option D: Hard particles ingested through food will pass through the digestive system. It will not associate with the renal excretory system. Therefore, this is the incorrect option.

Hence, the correct answer is option (A)

Note: Renal calculi can be prevented by drinking a lot of water. Drinking more water will reduce the concentration of calcium and other minerals in urine which will prevent the accumulation of the same. Renal calculi are often passed through urine. Or treated with medicines or surgery.