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Question: Relative charge on an electron is: (a)- -1 (b)- +1 (c)- 0 (d)- -2...

Relative charge on an electron is:
(a)- -1
(b)- +1
(c)- 0
(d)- -2

Explanation

Solution

An electron is a fundamental particle that has a negative charge and the mass of the electron is 9.11 x 10−28 g9.11\text{ x 1}{{\text{0}}^{-28}}\text{ g}, whereas a proton is a fundamental particle that has a positive charge and the mass of a proton is 1.67 x 10−24 g1.67\text{ x 1}{{\text{0}}^{-24}}\text{ g}.

Complete step by step answer:
The negative part of the atom is due to the presence of electrons so we can say that an electron is a fundamental particle that has one unit negative charge.
Electrons were discovered from cathode rays. When high voltage is passed between the electrodes it was found that at very low-pressure rays from the cathode were passed to the hole of the anode which had faint greenish color. These were called cathode rays and carry a negative charge (because of the presence of electrons).
The charge of the electron is −1.6 x 10−19-1.6\text{ x 1}{{\text{0}}^{-19}}C and the mass of the electron is 9.11 x 10−289.11\text{ x 1}{{\text{0}}^{-28}}g.
So, the relative charge of the electron is -1.

Therefore the correct answer is an option (a)- -1.

Additional information:
A proton is a fundamental particle that has a unit positive charge.
Protons were discovered from anode rays. When high voltage is passed between the electrodes then it was found that some rays were coming from the side of the anode which passed through the holes in the cathode and produced green fluorescence. These rays were called anode rays or canal rays or positive rays (because of the presence of positive atoms).
The charge of a proton is 1.6 x 10−191.6\text{ x 1}{{\text{0}}^{-19}}C and the mass of a proton is1.67 x 10−24 g1.67\text{ x 1}{{\text{0}}^{-24}}\text{ g}. And the relative charge of the proton is +1.

Note: Both the rays i.e., anode rays and cathode rays travel in a straight line. The mass of both particles was calculated by dividing the charge to the ratio of charge/mass:
m=ee/mm=\dfrac{e}{e/m} .
The ratio of charge/mass of a proton is 9.58 x 104C/g9.58\text{ x 1}{{\text{0}}^{4}}C/gand that of the electron is1.76 x 108C/g1.76\text{ x 1}{{\text{0}}^{8}}C/g.