Question

Read the following statements:-
(i) The hepatopancreatic duct is guarded by the sphincter of Oddi
(ii) Exocrine function of the pancreas is to secrete insulin
(iii) Food mix with acidic juice forming a pulp called chyle
(iv) Neural signal from the sympathetic nervous system can reduce the secretion of digestive juices
(v) Bile contains enzymes which are compulsory for the digestion of fat
(vi) The total number of canines in the permanent dental set of humans is 8.
How many statements are correct?
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 2

Answer 1

The mouth, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine are the most important parts of the digestive system. The oral cavity in the human body contains teeth and tongue. It continues with the passage of the esophagus through the pharynx. The stomach is divided into the fundus, corpus, and pylorus. The small intestine contains the duodenum, ileum, and jejunum. The large intestine is divided into the caecum, colon, and rectum.

Complete answer:
Two statements are correct. The hepatopancreatic duct that is guarded by the sphincter of Oddi because both the pancreatic duct and the bile duct opens into the duodenum as a common passage. The neural signals from the sympathetic nervous system can reduce the secretion of digestive juices as it causes inhibition in the gastrointestinal secretion. Bile does not contain any enzymes which are compulsory for the digestion of fats rather it produces some juices which help in the digestion of fat. The total number of canines in the permanent dental set of humans is 4.

Additional information: The hepatopancreatic duct is guarded by the sphincter of Oddi which is the muscular valve. It controls the flow of digestive juices through the ampulla of Vater. The sphincter of Oddi is relaxed by the hormone called cholecystokinin. The opiates cause spasms which lead to increased serum amylase levels.
The exocrine function of the pancreas is to secrete insulin and other substances within pancreatic islets which help to control the blood sugar levels and metabolism in the body. The pancreas is present in the abdomen behind the stomach and its functions as a gland. The pancreas is both endocrine and exocrine. It regulates the blood sugar level and secretes the hormone insulin as an endocrine gland. As an exocrine gland, it secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum through the pancreatic duct. These juices neutralize acid entering the duodenum which breaks down the carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in food through digestive enzymes.
Food mix with acidic juice forming a pulp called chyle which is a semi-fluid made of partly digested food. It is secreted in the gastrointestinal tract. It contains saliva enzymes and gastric enzymes and is acidic in pH. It is expelled by a person’s stomach through the pyloric valve.
So, the correct answer is '(d) 2’.

Note: Canines are known as canines due to the appearance of its structure as of dog's fangs. Canines are known as eye teeth due to their alignment under the eyes. The pancreas contains ha ahead and at all and it can taste sugar. The damage in the pancreatic cells leads to diabetes. The pancreas is a very small gland but can lead to 500 million cases of diabetes. The islets of Langerhans present in the pancreas contain about 1 million cells and are responsible for producing hormones.