Question

Read the following statements about the vascular bundles

1. In roots, xylem and phloem in a vascular bundle are arranged in an alternate manner along the different radii.
2. Conjoint closed vascular bundles do not possess cambium
3. In open vascular bundles, cambium is present in between xylem and phloem
4. The vascular bundles of dicotyledonous stem possess endarch protoxylem
5. In monocotyledonous root, usually there are more than six xylem bundles present

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. (a), (b) and (d) only
• B. (b), (c), (d) and (e) only
• C. (a), (b), (c) and (d) only
• D. (a), (c), (d) and (e) only
• E. All the options are correct.

Answer 1

Answer: (E)

All the options are correct.

Answer 2

The following statements are accurate:

• Radial arrangement of xylem and phloem within a vascular bundle, as observed in roots, occurs when they are alternately positioned along different radii.
• Conjoint, closed vascular bundles contain both xylem and phloem, with xylem located toward the inner surface and phloem toward the outer surface. There is no presence of cambium.
• Open vascular bundles can undergo secondary growth and contain cambium located between the xylem and phloem.
• The eight vascular bundles found in dicot stems are arranged in a broken ring pattern and are conjoint, collateral, and open. The xylem is positioned on the inner surface and phloem on the outer surface, and the xylem is described as endarch.
• Vascular bundles in monocot roots are radial, polyarch, and exarch. Many xylem and phloem groups (over six) alternate with each other.