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Question: Question: Aluminium sulphate \((X)\)is slightly insoluble in water. It is converted into soluble sod...

Question: Aluminium sulphate (X)(X)is slightly insoluble in water. It is converted into soluble sodium sulphate by using Na2CO3N{a_2}C{O_3}in the preparation of sodium carbonate extract. Moles of (Y)(Y), required for complete conversion of 1mole1{\rm{ }}moleof ()X into soluble sulphate, is :
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Explanation

Solution

We will look at the charges on the cations and anions. Aluminium and sodium cation have +3 and +1 charges respectively. Sulphate anion and carbonate anion have -2 and -2 charge respectively. In a neutral molecule, total positive charge on cations is equal to total negative charge on anions.

Complete step-by-step solution: You will get a white acceleration of aluminium hydroxide, if the two fold salt is blended in with an abundance of sodium carbonate in a fluid medium. What's more, there will likewise be advancement of carbon dioxide bubbles.
Potash alum is a hydrated twofold salt of the sulphates of potassium and aluminium K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O{K_2}S{O_4}.A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}.24{H_2}O.
In contrast to K2SO4{K_2}S{O_4}, the aluminum segment, Al2(SO4)3A{l_2}{\left( {S{O_4}} \right)_3}, is a salt of a solid corrosive and frail base. Thus, it goes through hydrolysis in water and frees hydrogen particles.
Al(3+)+H2O→AlOH(2+)+H(+)  A{l^{\left( {3 + } \right)}}{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H_2}O{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}AlO{H^{\left( {2 + } \right)}}{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H^{\left( + \right){\;^{}}}}………………………………………………………………… (I)
Sodium carbonate being a salt of a feeble corrosive and solid base produces hydroxide particles by hydrolysis.
CO3(2−)+H2O→HCO3(−)+OH(−)CO_3^{\left( {2 - } \right)}{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H_2}O{\rm{ }} \to {\rm{ }}HCO_3^{( - )}{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}O{H^{\left( - \right)}}…………………………………………………………………. (II)
The H(+){H^{( + )}}ions from (I) and HCO3(−)HCO_3^{( - )}ions from (II) neutralise each other and liberates carbon dioxide gas.
HCO3(−)+H(+)=CO2+H2OHCO_3^{\left( - \right)}{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H^{\left( + \right)}}{\rm{ }} = {\rm{ }}C{O_2}{\rm{ }} + {\rm{ }}{H_2}O
The AlOH(2+)AlO{H^{\left( {2 + } \right)}}particles present in the arrangement will join with the OH(−)O{H^{\left( { - {\rm{ }}} \right)}}particles to shape insoluble aluminum hydroxide, Al(OH)3Al{\left( {OH} \right)_3}, as a white hasten.

The rest of the arrangement will contain sodium sulfate (Na2SO4),\left( {N{a_2}S{O_4}} \right),another significant result of the response, alongside the unreacted potassium sulfate.
When aluminium sulphate reacts with sodium carbonate, it is unbalanced. Hence, it should be balanced. Hence when one moles of aluminium sulphate reacts with three moles of the sodium carbonate.
1mole1{\rm{ }}mole of (X)(X)reacts with 3moles{\rm{3 }}moles of (Y)(Y)to form soluble sulphate which is a double salt.
Al2(SO4)3+3Na2CO3+xH2O→Al2(SO4)3⋅3Na2CO3⋅xH2OA{l_2}{(S{O_4})_3} + 3N{a_2}C{O_3} + x{H_2}O \to A{l_2}{(S{O_4})_3} \cdot 3N{a_2}C{O_3} \cdot x{H_2}O
This is the balanced equation.

Note: When aluminium sulphate reacts with sodium carbonate, it is unbalanced. Hence, it should be balanced. Hence when one moles of aluminium sulphate reacts with three moles of the sodium carbonate.