Question

Quartz is extensively used as a piezoelectric material, it contains:
A. $Pb$
B. $Si$
C. $Ti$
D. $Sn$

Answer 1

Piezoelectric materials are the materials which have the ability of generating internal electrical charge from the applied mechanical stress. Quartz is a well-known piezoelectric material.

Complete step by step answer:
We know that quartz is a naturally occurring crystal. It is also one of the most abundant minerals on our Earth. We use this crystal in the watch crystal, and it is also used in the radio transmitters as a frequency reference crystal. Quartz is a tetrahedral structure of ${\rm{Si}}{{\rm{O}}_{\rm{4}}}$. Hence, it consists of oxygen and silicon atoms.

So, the correct answer is Option B .

Additional Information:
We know a variety of piezoelectric materials that can be used to conduct an electric current, which can both be man-made as well as natural. The first piezoelectric material used in the electronic devices is the crystal quartz. Other naturally occurring piezoelectric materials include cane sugar, topaz, Rochelle salt, tourmaline, bone etc.
The structure in these piezoelectric material crystals are non-symmetrical but they exist in the electrically neutral balance .If we take the same piezoelectric crystal and then apply an electric current, the crystal will expand and it will contract and convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Note:
The main equation of piezoelectricity is,
${\rm{P}} = {\rm{d}}\, \times \,{\rm{stress}}$
Here, d is the piezoelectric coefficient. It is a factor unique to each of the type of the piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric coefficient for quartz is $3\, \times \,{10^{ - 12}}$.