Question

Protistan genome has
A) Membrane-bound nucleoproteins embedded in the cytoplasm
B) Free nucleic acid aggregates
C) Gene containing nucleoproteins condensed together in a loose mass
D) Nucleoprotein in direct contact with cell substance

Answer 1

In biology, we come to know that even the tiniest and the most insignificant organisms have substantial roles to play when it comes to sustaining living organisms. Protista is one such group of organisms that form a core aspect of cell organization despite being minuscule and infinitesimal in structure and capacity. Protista comes under the category of those unique microorganisms that contain a single cell enclosed with a membrane.

Complete answer: The genome consists of all the chromosomes and the carrying genes. These are variable. The bacteria have evolved to be free living. These tend to evolve depending on the host. Since the kingdom of Protista is a diversified one, it is difficult to coherently characterize them in a simplified manner. The organisms that form a part of this kingdom are diverse and multifarious in terms of bodily structure, reproductive abilities, and nutrition. However, the characteristics of Protista can be summarized in the following manner:
While some organisms may be unicellular, some bacteria may be colonial or multicellular. A genome is an organism's complete DNA including all the genes. It contains the basic information to build the characters and genetic material of an organism. The bacterial genome combo comprises chromosomes and all the genetic material. These are variable and have diversity in all organisms. These are smaller and less variant in size. Eukaryotic (e.g. protistan) genome is organized in the nucleus. The nucleus is differentiated into the nuclear envelope, chromatin, one or more nucleoli, and nucleoplasm. Nuclear DNA is linear, associated with histone proteins. A small quantity of DNA is also found in the plastids and mitochondria. In contrast, prokaryotic (bacterial) DNA is circular and lies freely in the cytoplasm.
Thus, the answer is option A: Membrane-bound nucleoproteins embedded in the cytoplasm.

Note: The bacterial genome is on a single chromosome. In the case of eukaryotes, there is a diploid set of chromosomes. These carry the basic genetic information with the genes. Microbes have a conservative genome engineering unmistakable from eukaryotes in two significant manners: microscopic organisms show a solid relationship between their genome size and several utilitarian qualities in a genome, and those qualities are organized into operons.