Question

Predict the main product of the following reactions:

(i)
(ii)
(iii)

Answer 1

Tollen’s Reagent is generally a chemical reagent which is used to detect an aldehyde functional group or an aromatic aldehyde functional group or an alpha hydroxy ketone functional group in any substance. Tollen’s reagent is a solution of silver nitrate $AgN{{O}_{3}}$ and ammonia $N{{H}_{3}}$.

Complete Step by step solution:
i) The first reaction given in the reaction contains Tollen’s reagent. In which an aldehydic group get converted into carboxylic acid with the reaction of tollen’s reagent it is generally a reducing agent which converts an aldehydic or ketonic group into acidic one and the reaction shows as follows:

ii) $NaB{{H}_{4}}$ is known by the name Sodium borohydride, sodium tetrahydridoborate and sodium tetrahydroborate. It is generally a white solid in a powdered form. This is a reducing agent and used as a tested reagent for pretreatment for pulping of wood. In the given reaction this generally reduce the ketonic group into alcohol reaction is shown as:

iii) In this reaction two aldehydes joined to form an alkene group in the presence of dilute sodium hydroxide represented by NaOH and the reaction is shown as below:

Note: In a redox reaction when a substance loses electrons to other substances and gets oxidized to the higher valency state is known as a reducing agent. If the reducing agent does not pass electrons to other substances in a reaction then we can say that the reduction process is not happening.