Question

Platelets have no nucleus and genetic material.
(a)True
(b)False

Answer 1

Platelets are tiny pieces of cells which are disc-shaped and are found in the blood and spleen. The large pieces of plates less in the bone marrow are known as megakaryocytes. They are also known as thrombocytes which constitute the component of blood.

Complete answer:
Platelets have no nucleus and genetic material. The megakaryocyte undergoes budding and is a producer of a giant multinucleated marrow cell. They do not have a nucleus and genetic material because they are fragments of larger cells. 1000-3000 platelets are produced during the lifetime of each megakaryocyte. Platelets are produced by healthy adults with an average of 100,00000000. The lifespan of platelets is about 8 to 9 days and it is controlled by the internal apoptotic regulating pathway. The old platelets get destroyed by the process of phagocytosis in the spleen and liver. From the peripheral to the innermost part it is divided into four zones which include the peripheral zone, sol-gel-zone organelle zone, and membranous zone. The adhesion for the platelets is done in the peripheral zone which is rich in glycoproteins and provides activation and aggregation. The maintenance of discoid shape in platelets is provided by the sol-gel-zone which is rich in microtubules and microfilaments. The organelle zone contains platelet-activating mediators and is rich in platelet granules. The synthesis of thromboxane is done in the membranous zone which consists of membranes derived from the megakaryocytic smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Additional information:
Platelets provide innate immunity which participates in multiple inflammatory processes. It directly binds pathogens and destroys them. They provide clinical data that shows serious bacterial or viral infections and reduce their contribution towards inflammation. The connection between the thrombocytes and immune cells is shown by platelet-leukocyte aggregates. Platelets help in controlling bleeding in our body that is required for an individual to survive surgeries such as organ transplantation and chronic diseases or fighting cancer.

So, the answer is 'True'.

Note: One drop of blood constitutes 1,500,000 to 4,000,000 platelets. Patients with a blood disease and cancers are helped by platelet transfusions which help to control the bleeding after severe trauma and major surgeries. The process of donating platelets is known as plateletpheresis.