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Question: Phenol on treatment with \([{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}]\) in the presence of NaOH followed by...

Phenol on treatment with [CO2][{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}}}] in the presence of NaOH followed by acidification produces compound X as the major product. X on treatment with (CH3CO)2O{{\text{(C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{CO)}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}} in the presence of catalytic amount of H2SO4{{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{S}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}} produces:

Explanation

Solution

This question involves the formation of the required product in the two steps. As mentioned, phenol is being treated with carbon-dioxide in the presence of NaOH, it is an example of Kolbe reaction. The end product required is also known as non-narcotic analgesic consumed as the sleeping pills.

Complete step by step answer:
-Now, let us discuss the reactions step by step.
-First, there is a reaction of phenol with carbon-dioxide in presence of NaOH followed by acidification. As we already mentioned it is an example of Kolbe Schmitt reactions or Kolbe reactions.
-We can see in the figure (Step 1) that the compound X obtained in step 1 is salicylic acid.
-Now, according to the question the compound X, i.e. salicylic acid will further react with acetic anhydride ((CH3CO)2O{{\text{(C}}{{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}}{\text{CO)}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{O}}) in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid.
-This step is being shown in figure as step 2. Look at the figure to understand the reactions.
-As we know that the reaction happening in the presence of acetic anhydride is known as acetylation reaction.
-So, in the end product acetyl group will be attached to the ring instead of hydroxyl (OH) group.

-Thus, we can say that the product attained is aspirin and it is categorized under the non-narcotic analgesics.
-In the last we can conclude that the compound X is salicylic acid and the final product is aspirin.

Note:
Aspirin is a non-narcotic analgesic because
-These are non-addictive drugs.
-It is used to relieve the skeleton pain without any imbalance in the nervous system.
-Non-narcotic analgesics show anti-clotting, so aspirin is used during the medication of heart attacks.