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Question

Biology Question on Translation

Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in

A

Chloroplast

B

Mitochondria

C

Chromoplast

D

Ribosomes

Answer

Ribosomes

Explanation

Solution

Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in ribosome. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis. The process of converting mRNA into protein is called as translation.

In this process, the two sub-units of ribosomes - larger and the smaller subunit, attaches on the strand of mRNA from both sides. The larger subunit of ribosomes contains tRNA-binding sites where tRNA binds and read the codons present on the mRNA. The ribosome keeps moving the mRNA forward and the tRNA molecule attaches the correspondingamino acidsto the strand , translating the mRNA into a polypeptide chain.

The other three options are incorrect as they do not participate in translation:

  • Chloroplast - It is the site for the photosynthesis in plants.
  • Mitochondria - Mitochondria are termed as the ‘powerhouse of the cell’ as they are the site for energy production. The process of oxidative phosphorylation occurs in mitochondria.
  • Chromoplast - Chromoplast are the sites for synthesis and storage of pigments like carotene, xanthophylls etc.