Question

Penicillin was discovered by:
A) Graham Bell
B) Alexander Flemming
C) Paul Elrich
D) Lister

Answer 1

In order to combat harmful microorganisms, antibiotics are antimicrobial drugs obtained from other organisms (such as moulds, fungi and some soil bacteria). However, against certain microbes, such as viruses, they are not very useful. Penicillin was discovered by a Scottish in 1928.

Complete Step-by-Step solution:
Penicillin was the first "true" antibiotic ever, and a Scottish bacteriologist, Alexander Fleming, discovered it in . It has been widely used to treat the various kinds of bacterial infections that have plagued humans. Penicillin was, ironically, an accidental discovery, but it was a landmark discovery in the medical field. Penicillin is extracted from a mould known as Penicillium notatum (also known as Penicillium chrysogenum).
Hence, the correct option is (B.)

Additional Information
Antibiotics are produced by the fermentation process on a large scale. This is a chemical process that is induced in a large tank by microorganisms. The growth medium that provides nutrition for the growth of the microorganism is present in a large tank. In order to produce antibiotics, optimization of temperature, pH levels, oxygen and nutrient parameters in the fermentation tank is very important. They are extracted and purified through multiple physical processes after the completion of the production of antibiotics. Finally, in crystal form, the purified antibiotics are converted.

Note
The term antibiotic is synonymous with bacteria-killing drugs. And because of this, mortality rates have decreased and life expectancy has grown. There are various types of penicillin, grouped based on their efficiency. Penicillin VK and Penicillin G are natural Penicillin. Penicillin VK is used to fight fungal infections. Penicillin G is most effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial infections.