Question

Part of Earth which supports life where living beings exists is called as:
a) Atmosphere
b) Biosphere
c) Biology
d) Biodiversity

Answer 1

Everything present in Earth's system is placed into one of four major subsystems: Land, Air, Living things, or water. These four subsystems are called 'spheres'. Specifically, they are Lithosphere (land), Hydrosphere (water), Atmosphere (air) and Biosphere (living things).

Complete solution:
All the air in the Earth's system constitutes the atmosphere. The atmosphere's extension is less than 1 m below the planet's surface to more than 10,000 km above the planet's surface. The upper portion of the atmosphere protects the organisms from the harmful ultraviolet radiation of the sun. It also absorbs and emits heat.
The Biosphere contains all the planet's living things. This sphere comprises all the microorganisms, plants, and animals of Earth. Within the Biosphere, living things form ecological communities. The large ecological communities are called biomes. Deserts, grasslands, and tropical rainforests are some of the biomes that exist within the Biosphere.
The branch of science that studies life and living organisms is called biology. The study of biology includes physical structure, chemical processes, molecular interactions, physiological mechanisms, development, and evolution.
Biodiversity describes the richness and variety of life present on Earth. It deals with varieties in nature, the Biosphere. It includes the number of different organisms and their relative frequencies in an ecosystem. It is important for sustaining life on Earth.

Additional information:
The Hydrosphere comprises all the solid, liquid, and gaseous water of the planet. It ranges from 10 − 20 kilometres in thickness. A small portion of water in the Hydrosphere is non-salty (freshwater). Ninety-seven per cent of Earth's water is salty. Oceans are large collections of seawater.
The lithosphere is the rigid, rocky layer of Earth consisting of the crust and the upper mantle's solid outermost layer. It extends to a depth of about 100 km (60 miles). It contains rocks, minerals, and soils.

So, the correct answer is 'Biosphere'.

Note:
Biodiversity includes the variety of flora and fauna living in the world, and a particular habitat, whereas the Biosphere, is the sphere of all the living things present on Earth. It includes the different diversities present on Earth.