Question

Parbhani Kranti, a variety of bhindi(lady’s finger) is resistant to
A) Bacterial blight
B) Yellow mosaic virus
C) Black rot
D) Leaf curl

Answer 1

Plant breeding is a process in which plants having desirable traits like disease resistance, better yield, nutrition, etc are crossed to produce new plants having desirable characteristics. With advancements in molecular biology, plant breeding is used to increase food production.

Complete answer:
Mutation breeding is a process in which genetic variations are induced plants that result in altered phenotypes. With this technology, we can induce genes of desirable characters to the plants. Mutations are induced artificially using chemicals or radiations.
Disease resistant genes are responsible for the disease resistance seen in some plants. These genes are artificially induced to the high yielding crop varieties to produce disease-resistant high yielding plants.
Conventional breeding techniques have several disadvantages as it has only a limited number of disease-resistant genes. Mutation breeding enables the possibility of inducing disease-resistant capabilities by mutations.
We can induce disease resisting traits to plants having high yield. Parbhani Kranti is an example of this. It is a new variety of A.esculentus made by transferring a disease-resistant gene from wild varieties of the plant. This gene can produce proteins that are resistant to yellow mosaic virus. The gene is transferred to the Abelmoscus esculentus plant. Transfer of these resistant genes is done by sexual hybridisation between the desired plants followed by a selection from the progenies.

Hence the correct answer is option ‘B’.

Note: Pusa Gaurav is a special breed of mustard that is resistant to pests called aphids. Pusa sem 2 and Pusa sem 3 are examples for breeds of flat beans that are resistant to Jassids, aphids, and fruit borers.