Question

Ovulation is induced by a hormone called ___________ .

Answer 1

Hint:- Ovulation is the process of release of ovum from female ovaries in sexually reproducing organisms. In humans, a pair of ovaries are seen at either side of the lower abdomen. Ovaries release a single ovum in a month or 28 days from puberty stage. The reproductive cycle in female primates including human beings is called the menstrual cycle. Menarche is the first menstruation. Ovulation and menstrual cycle cease around the age of 50 called menopause.

Complete Answer:- Ovulation is an important reproductive process in females which is highly coordinated and controlled by hormones. Hormones produced by hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovaries play an important role in the maintenance of the female reproductive system. Hypothalamus produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) which influences the production of follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH) which in turn stimulates the ovaries to produce ovarian hormones. LH and FSH are gonadotropins produced by the pituitary gland. Both LH and FSH reach a peak level in the middle of the menstrual cycle. LH secretion rapidly increases to its maximum level called LH surge which ruptures the Graafian follicle and releases the ovum. Therefore LH is the main hormone which induces ovulation. In females, FSH enhances the growth and development of ovarian follicles. LH in females completes the development of ovarian follicles and stimulates oestrogen and progesterone production. The level of estrogen hormone produced by the ovaries also increases during ovulation. After ovulation, Graafian follicle rupture into Corpus luteum which secretes the amount of progesterone hormone for the maintenance of endometrium.

Ovulation is induced by a hormone called Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Note:- Ovulation occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle. Ovulation is preceded by the follicular phase or proliferative phase, in which primary follicles in ovary develop into Graafian follicles. Ovulation is followed by the luteal phase or secretory phase in which Corpus luteum is formed and secretes a high amount of progesterone. If fertilization does not take place, Corpus luteum degenerates and menstruation occurs. A new menstrual cycle is again started.