Question

Opsonization is carried out by:
A. IgM
B. IgG
C. IgA
D. IgD and IgE

Answer 1

Opsonization is that the method by which the infective agent is marked for uptake and eliminated by the phagocytes. Opsonization involves the binding of AN antibody (antibody) to AN epitope on an infective agent. After antibody binds to the membrane, phagocytes are interested in the infective agent facilitating bodily function. During this method, the infective agent is opsonized and certain with the protein immune globulin.

Complete Answer:
Opsonization of microorganism takes place once immunoglobulin (IgG) molecules bind to specific epitopes on microorganism surface antigens through the antigen-binding web site of the immunoglobulin molecule. Additionally, microorganism cell surface activates the complement system either directly through interaction with microorganism polysaccharides through the alternate pathway, or indirectly through interaction with immune globulin or immunoglobulin M absolute to microorganism through the classic pathway. In vivo, each immune globulin and C3b are necessary opsonins. vegetative cell cells, either white blood cells or phagocytes, have specific surface receptors for the Fc region of the immunoglobulin molecule and C3b. The opsonized microorganism is eaten through receptor-mediated bodily function.56 bodily function is additionally amplified by fibronectin, that has binding sites for each macrophage and microorganism.

The concentrations of immune globulin, complement, and fibronectin in traditional serosa fluid are kind of like those within the traditional liquid body substance. In serosa chemical analysis effluent, however, these values are reduced by 100- to 1000-fold, even once many hours of dwell time. This dilutional result severely compromises the body substance immunity inside the greater peritoneal sac. In patients receiving continuous ambulant serosa chemical analysis (CAPD), AN inverse relationship between either serosa opsonic activity or immune globulin concentration and frequency of CAPD rubor has been reportable. However, serosa immune globulin levels didn't prospectively predict the chance for rubor and immune globulin levels in spent dialysate vary markedly over time in any given patient.

The opsonic activity of spent dialysate against gram-negative microorganism is considerably below that against gram-positive microorganism. In fact, each immune globulin and C3b have totally different affinities for gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. this might account, a minimum of partly, for the bigger severity of the gram-negative rubor. Fibronectin has opsonic activity against gram-positive organisms, particularly S. aureus, however apparently not against gram-negative microorganism. Low concentrations of fibronectin within the spent dialysate are found to be a risk issue of PD-related rubor.

Hence the correct answer is option B.

Note: Opsonization involves the binding of an antibody (e.g., Antibody) to an epitope on an infective agent. Once the antibody binds to the membrane, phagocytes are interested in the infective agent. These parts are deposited on the cell surface of the infective agent and aid in its destruction.