Question

One ${ NADH }_{ 2 }$ /${ NADPH }_{ 2 }$ yields:
(a) 2 $ATP$
(b) 3 $ATP$
(c) 12 $ATP$
(d) 6 $ATP$

Answer 1

These molecules are oxidized in the process of the electron transport system during glycolysis. The ratio of production of energy in the form of $ATP$ is 1:3.

Correct step by step answer:
One ${ NADH }_{ 2 }$ / ${ NADPH }_{ 2 }$ yields or produces 3$ATP$s. The ${ NADH }_{ 2 }$ / ${ NADPH }_{ 2 }$ is produced during the cycles of respiration such as during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle. This is the system in which the electrons are donated from one donor to the acceptor. During the ETC (Electron Transport Chain) with oxidative phosphorylation process NADH gives up its electron to Complex I, which is at a higher energy level than the other Complexes. When complex I transfers its electron to Complex III, energy is released to pump the protons across the membrane, creating a gradient. Then the electron moves again to Complex IV and again pumps more electrons across the membrane. ${ NADH }_{ 2 }$ transfers the electrons to the complex I and then transfers the electrons to the complex II. This results in more number of protons that are pumped by $ATP$ synthase. So, the more protons will result in the production of 3 $ATP$s. Since NADH started with Complex I and then transfers the electrons to the complex II and complex III. This results in more number of protons that are pumped across the gradient by $ATP$ synthase and gives us 3 $ATP$ per molecule of NADH.
So, the correct answer is, ’3$ATP$’.

Note:
- These products are oxidized and therefore the protons are used for creating a gradient that's utilized in the synthesis of $ATP$.
- Adenosine triphosphate ($ATP$) is a compound and hydrotrope that gives the energy to drive many processes in living cells, e.g. contraction, impulse propagation, condensate dissolution, and chemical synthesis.
- Found altogether known sorts of life, $ATP$ is usually mentioned because of the "molecular unit of currency" of intracellular energy transfer. When consumed in metabolic processes, it converts either to$ADP$ $AMP$.
- Other processes regenerate $ATP$ so that the physical body recycles its weight equivalent in $ATP$ every day. It is also a precursor to DNA and RNA and is used as a coenzyme.