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Question: Of the following molecules the ones which are hypervalent in their dimeric form: A. \( Cl{O_3},Ga{...

Of the following molecules the ones which are hypervalent in their dimeric form:
A. ClO3,GaH3,ICl3Cl{O_3},Ga{H_3},IC{l_3}
B. ClO3,ICl3,Co(CO)4Cl{O_3},IC{l_3},Co{(CO)_4}
C. OF,NO2,GaH3OF,N{O_2},Ga{H_3}
D. GaH3,ClO3,ICl3,Co(CO)4Ga{H_3},Cl{O_3},IC{l_3},Co{(CO)_4}

Explanation

Solution

Hint : Dimerization is the process when two molecules of similar chemical composition come together to form a single polymer called a dimer. Oligomers containing two monomers which are joined by bonds, which are either strong, weak or covalent or intermolecular are called dimers while dimers containing two identical molecules are called homodimer whereas dimers which do not contain identical molecules are called heterodimer.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Hypervalent are molecules which contain elements having more than eight electrons in its valence shell whereas, hypovalent are molecules which contain elements having less than eight electrons in its valence shell.
ClO3Cl{O_3} ClO3Cl{O_3} is hypervalent in its dimeric form because in this compound the central atom i.e. Chlorine has more than eight in its valence shell hence, this molecule is hypervalent.

ICl3IC{l_3} is also a hypervalent in its dimeric form because the central atom i.e. Iodine has more than eight electrons in its valence shell hence, this molecule is hypervalent.

Co(CO)4Co{(CO)_4} is hypervalent in dimeric form because the central atom i.e. Cobalt has more than eight electrons in its valence shell, therefore this molecule is also hypervalent.

GaH3Ga{H_3} is hypovalent in its dimeric form because the central atom i.e. Gallium has less than eight electrons in its valence shell hence, this compound is hypovalent.

When 2OF undergoes dimerization the molecule has complete octet in dimer form.
Therefore the correct answer is option B.

Note :
There is a characteristic difference in the structure of trihalides of boron and aluminium. AlCl3AlC{l_3} exists as dimer Al2Cl6A{l_2}C{l_6} while BeCl3BeC{l_3} exists as monomer, both B and Al are electron deficient compounds and behave as Lewis acid but Aluminium chloride exists as dimer whereas boron chloride exists as monomer.