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Question: Object A is completely immersed in water. True weight of object A is \({{W}_{A}}\), weight of water ...

Object A is completely immersed in water. True weight of object A is WA{{W}_{A}}, weight of water with beaker is WB{{W}_{B}}. Let BB be the buoyant force. W1{{W}_{1}} and W2{{W}_{2}} are scale readings of spring balance and weighing scale respectively, then
(A). W1=WA{{W}_{1}}={{W}_{A}}
(B). W1=WA+B{{W}_{1}}={{W}_{A}}+B
(C). W2=WB{{W}_{2}}={{W}_{B}}
(D). W2=WB+B{{W}_{2}}={{W}_{B}}+B

Explanation

Solution

The weight of the water beaker and block system is measured by spring balance and weighing scale. The spring balance measures the weight of block A immersed in water and the weighing scale measures the weight of beaker and water. The buoyant force acts opposite to the weight and hence decreases the weight of the block, the reaction force of buoyant increases the weight of the water beaker system.

Complete step-by-step solution:
Given, a block is immersed in water and weighed by a spring balance. The weight of water and block is weighed by the weighing scale.

Buoyant force is the force exerted by a fluid on the objects immersed in it. It is due to the pressure applied by the water on the objects. Buoyant force is responsible for objects floating in liquid.

The forces acting on block will be-

F=mg−BF=mg-B
Here, mgmg is the true weight of block A
Therefore,
mg=WAmg={{W}_{A}}

Since the buoyant force and weight are acting in different directions, the reading of spring balance will decrease. Therefore,
W1=WA−B{{W}_{1}}={{W}_{A}}-B

The forces acting on the water, beaker and block system are-

The weighing scale will weigh the water, beaker and block A. Therefore,
W2=WB+B{{W}_{2}}={{W}_{B}}+B

When water exerts a buoyant force on the block A, according to Newton’s third law, it exerts equal and opposite force on water.

Therefore, the reading of the weighing scale is W2=WB+B{{W}_{2}}={{W}_{B}}+B. Hence, the correct option is (D).

Note:
The spring balance measures the resultant weight of an object. The buoyant force cancels the weight of block A. According to the Archimedes principle, the buoyant force acting on an object is equivalent to the amount of fluid displaced by it. The third law of Newton states that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.