Question

Nucleotides are building blocks of nucleic acids. Each nucleotide is a composite molecule framed by which of the following substances.
A) $(Base-sugar)_n$
B) Base-sugar-OH
C) Base-sugar-phosphate
D) Sugar phosphate

Answer 1

Let us first understand what is meant by nucleic acid and nucleic acid. Nucleic acids are the biomolecules that are the main information carrying molecules in a cell. In living things, the inherited characteristics are determined by the nucleic acids by directing the process of protein synthesis. A nucleotide is considered as the basic building block of the nucleic acid.

Complete answer:
There are two types of nucleic acid. They are;

1. RNA - Ribonucleic acid
2. DNA - Deoxy ribonucleic acid

Nucleic acids are composed of monomers called nucleotides that are made up of a nitrogen base, five carbon sugars and a phosphate group. In a nucleic acid, if the sugar is made up of a compound ribos, then it is ribonucleic acid. If it is made up of the deoxyribose compound then it is deoxyribonucleic acid.

Additional information:

Deoxyribonucleic acid is the genetic material that is found in all the living organisms from bacteria to mammals. In eukaryotic cells it is found in nucleus, chloroplast and mitochondria. In prokaryotes, it is found free floating in the cytoplasm whereas in eukaryotes it is bound by a membranous envelope. >Along with carrying the genetic information, DNA also helps to regulate cellular activities.
Ribonucleic acid is involved in the protein synthesis of the code provided by the DNA for the cell activities.
DNA is a double stranded helical structure made up of four nucleotide bases. They are adenine, guanine, thymine and cytosine.
RNA is a single stranded structure made up of the nucleotide bases like adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil.

Therefore the correct answer is (c) Base-sugar-phosphate

Note: Deoxy ribonucleic acid is bound by a membranous envelope called nucleus. It communicates with the rest of the cell with the help of an intermediary RNA called messenger RNA (mRNA). Other types of RNA such as tRNA, rRna and microRNA are responsible for protein synthesis and its regulation.