Question

Nitrogen gas makes up 78% of our atmosphere and nitrogen is also a part of many molecules essential to life like proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and some vitamins.
(A) True
(B) False

Answer 1

Nitrogen is the gas gas which is also known as azote by Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier. The word azote means lifeless or without life. It helps in protein synthesis. It also helps in manufacturing of nylon, nitric acid and fertilizers. The liquid nitrogen is used in removal of warts, precancerous cells and unwanted skin.

Complete answer: DNA is known as deoxy ribonucleic acid. It is made up of nucleotides. The nucleotide is made up of one sugar group, one phosphate group and one of four nitrogenous bases. DNA is used for storage of information. The four nitrogenous bases are guanine, thymine, adenine and cytosine. It is also used in transcription, translation, replication and coding of proteins and DNA inheritance. RNA is known as ribonucleic acid. It is made up of one phosphate group, one sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. The sugar is ribose and nitrogenous bases are guanine, thymine, uracil and adenine. It helps in protein synthesis. There are different types of RNA which are messenger RNA, transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA, small nuclear RNA, regulatory RNA, transfer messenger RNA, ribozymes, and double stranded RNA. Hence the answer for this question is true. The nitrogen fertilizers have been used so that they can increase the concentration of the carotenoids and vitamins in plants. Vitamin C and other carotenoids have the property of antioxidants which reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The synthesis of Vitamin B, VitaminC and Vitamin D and other vitamins also needs nitrogen. Nitrogen is the most essential micronutrient for the plant function and is a key component of amino acids. It helps in protein production. The Vitamin is the essential vitamin in the relation of nitrogen metabolism. According to new reports it has said that vitamin can be used to ascertain the nitrogen status of the plants and which can prevent the overuse of nitrogen containing fertilizers.

Note: Nitrogen is an odourless and a colorless gas which is relatively inert. Nitrogen is obtained from the liquefied air by fractional distillation. It helps in formation of ammonia by Haber process. Liquid nitrogen is a dangerous gas because it can cause unconsciousness within two or three breaths. It is non toxic in nature and non flammable.