Question

Nitration of acetanilide followed by hydrolysis gives:
(A) O-nitroaniline
(B) P- nitroanilne
(C) o-&p-; nitroaniline
(D) O-nitronilium ion

Answer 1

As we know that nitration is described as an important reaction that is used in the nitro compound preparation. These nitro compounds can be used as starting materials for several essential commercially used materials. We know that acetanilide is a derivative of aniline, where one of the hydrogen atoms on the nitrogen has been replaced by acetyl group. In this question we will know which product is derived from acetanilide and nitrating mixture.

Complete step by step solution:
We know that when acetanilide is treated with the nitrating mixture i.e. a mixture of sulphuric and nitric acid, it forms p- nitroacetanilide. Also along with this, as a minor product, o- nitroacetanilide is also formed.
Since o- nitroacetanilide is much soluble in water, it is easy to isolate p –nitro acetanilide through crystallization.
$NHCOC{H_3}\xrightarrow[{288K}]{{HN{O_3},{H_2}S{O_4}}}\mathop {NHCOC{H_3}}\limits_{} \left( {N{O_2}} \right) + NHCOC{H_3}\left( {N{O_2}} \right)$ .
It is called an electrophilic substitution reaction.
Hence the correct option is (C) o- & p- nitroaniline.

Note:
We should note that para nitro acetanilide is also referred to as $4 -$ nitroacetanilide. Para nitro acetanilide is defined as a chemical compound that is derivative of nitro acetanilide prepared from the mixture of nitrating and acetanilide. The acetamido group in acetanilide is para and directing, Thus on nitration an o- and p – nitro acetanilide mixture is formed.