Question

Nitration and chlorination of benzene are

• A. Nitration and chlorination of benzene are
• B. Electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution respectively.
• C. Electrophilic substitution in both are the reactions.
• D. Nucleophilic substitution in both the reactions.

Answer 1

Answer: (C)

Electrophilic substitution in both are the reactions.

Answer 2

: Nitration is carried out by the help of

electrophile $\mathrm { NO } _ { 2 } ^ { + }$

$\mathrm { HNO } _ { 3 } + 2 \mathrm { H } _ { 2 } \mathrm { SO } _ { 4 } \rightarrow \mathrm { NO } _ { 2 } ^ { + } + 2 \mathrm { HSO } _ { 4 } ^ { - } + \mathrm { H } _ { 3 } \mathrm { O } ^ { + }$

Halogenation is carried out by the help of

electrophile $\mathrm { Cl } ^ { + } \left( \mathrm { X } ^ { + } \right)$

$\mathrm { Cl } _ { 2 } + \mathrm { FeCl } _ { 3 } \rightarrow \mathrm { Cl } ^ { + } + \mathrm { FeCl } _ { 4 } ^ { - }$