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Question: Statement I: Interstitial fluid or tissue fluid has the same mineral distribution as that in plasma....

Statement I: Interstitial fluid or tissue fluid has the same mineral distribution as that in plasma.

Statement II : Exchange of nutrients, gases, etc.., between the blood and the cells always occurs through tissue fluid.

A

Both statement I and statement II are correct.

B

Both statement I and statement II are incorrect.

C

Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.

D

Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.

Answer

Both statement I and statement II are correct.

Explanation

Solution

Detailed analysis of each statement:

Statement I: Interstitial fluid (or tissue fluid) is formed from blood plasma that filters out of the capillaries. The capillary walls are permeable to water, small solutes, and ions, but largely impermeable to large plasma proteins and blood cells. Because small ions and minerals can pass freely through the capillary walls, their distribution (types and relative proportions) in the interstitial fluid is very similar to that in the plasma. The primary difference in composition between plasma and interstitial fluid is the much lower concentration of large proteins in the interstitial fluid. Therefore, in terms of mineral distribution, the statement is largely correct.

Statement II: Cells in the body are not directly bathed in blood. Instead, they are surrounded by interstitial fluid. Blood flows through capillaries, and the exchange of substances (like oxygen, nutrients, hormones, carbon dioxide, and metabolic wastes) occurs between the blood in the capillaries and the interstitial fluid. From the interstitial fluid, these substances then move into or out of the cells. Thus, the interstitial fluid acts as an essential intermediary for all exchanges between the blood and the body cells. This process is fundamental to how cells receive what they need and dispose of waste products. Therefore, the exchange always occurs through the tissue fluid.

Conclusion: Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.

The final answer is Both statement I and statement II are correct.\boxed{\text{Both statement I and statement II are correct.}}