Question

Name the type of ovule in which hilum, chalaza, and micropyle come to lie nearby.
A. Campylotropous
B. Amphitropous
C. Both A and B
D. Hemitropous

Answer 1

Ovule is the part of female reproductive organs, which is present in the seed plants and it is the place where all female reproduce cells are made and contained, ovules are present in the ovaries which in turn present in the bottom in the vase-like structures in the flowers.

Complete answer:
The ovule is made up of nucellus, an integument which forms the outer layer, and the female gametophyte, which is found at the center of the ovule.
The nucellus is the largest part of the ovule, it is present in some flowering plants even after fertilization, as a source of nutrients to the plants.
The integument is the outer covering of the ovule, in some gymnosperms the integument is only one layer, so it is called unitegmic, and in some angiosperms, the integument is 2 layers and it is called bitegmic, and it covers the nucellus fully, except at one point, where there is an opening called the micropyle.
Types of ovules

Orthotropous: This type of ovule is present straight, because Chalaza is where nucleus and integument merge, and Funicle, where the ovule is attached to placenta and the micropyle all, are aligned straight.
Anatropous: In this type, the ovule becomes completely inverted during development, where micropyle is present near to the hilum, where hilum is nothing but a scar formed where the funicle is attached.
Hemianatropous: The body of the ovule is a right angle in relation to the funicle, so it looks like the ovule is lying on its side.
Campylotropous: The embryo sac is slightly curved, the body is bent, where the relation between micropyle and chalaza is lost.
Amphitropous: In this type, the embryo sac is completely curved, and the body of the ovule itself takes the shape of a horseshoe.
Circinotropous: In this type, the micropyle is pointed upward and the funicle is especially long and it forms a circle around the ovule.

From the above explanation, A and B is the right answer.

Note: Ovule plays an important role in fertilization, where they are present in the ovaries, and the pollen grain when reaching the stigma, they form the pollen tube to transfer the nucleus to the ovule through style, and the fertilization takes place.