Question

Name the type of biodiversity represented by the following:
1000 varieties of mangoes in India

Answer 1

Variations found among microorganisms, plants, fungi, and animals leads to the term of biodiversity. Also, the richness of species of living organisms is termed biodiversity. It's also a complex assemblage of communities and ecosystems.

Complete answer:
Biodiversity is defined as the interrelatedness of genes, species, and ecosystems and their interactions with the environment.

Biodiversity could be a key measure of the health of any ecosystem, and of our entire planet. Every organism in an ecosystem, or biome, relies on other organisms and also the physical environment. As an example, plant and animal species need one another for food and depend upon the environment for water and shelter. Biodiversity describes what quantity variety an ecosystem has, in terms of resources and species, and also genetically within species. A more diverse ecosystem will have more resources to assist it to endure famine, drought, disease, or perhaps the extinction of a species.

Types of Biodiversity:

Genetic Biodiversity
Species Biodiversity
Ecological Biodiversity
Functional Biodiversity

1. Genetic Diversity: Every species on Earth is said to each other species through genetic connections. The more closely related any two species are, the more genetic information they'll share, and also the more similar they're going to appear. An organism’s closest relatives are members of its own species or organisms with which it's the potential to mate and produce offspring.
Due to their small populations, species may have low genetic diversity because of inbreeding. This could pose a threat to a population if it ends up in the inheritance of undesirable traits or makes the species more prone to disease. Having high genetic diversity helps species adapt to changing environments.

2. Species Diversity: Species diversity is that the style of species within a habitat or an area. Species are the essential units of biological classification and thus the traditional measure of biological diversity. Every ecosystem contains a singular collection of species, all interacting with one another. Some ecosystems may have more species than others. In some ecosystems, one species has grown so large that it dominates the natural community. An outsized number of species can help an ecosystem pass through ecological threats, whether or not some species go extinct.

3. Ecological Diversity: Ecological diversity is that the intricate network of various species present in local ecosystems and also the dynamic interplay between them. An ecosystem consists of organisms from many various species cohabitation during a region and their connections through the flow of energy, nutrients, and matter. Those connections occur because the organisms of various species interact with each other. The last word source of energy in almost every ecosystem is the sun. The sun’s energy is converted to energy by plants. That energy flows through the systems when animals eat the plants and so are eaten, in turn, by other animals. Fungi derive energy by decomposing organisms, which releases nutrients back to the soil. Thus, an ecosystem may be a collection of living components and nonliving components that are connected by energy flow. Measuring ecological diversity is difficult because each of Earth’s ecosystems merges into the ecosystems around it.

4. Functional Diversity: The way species behave, obtain food, and use natural resources of an ecosystem is understood as functional diversity. Generally, a species-rich ecosystem is presumed to possess high functional diversity, because there are many species with many alternative behaviors. Knowledge of functional diversity will be useful to ecologists trying to conserve or restore the damaged ones.

Note:
Biodiversity has been decreasing due to the activities of human beings. Species are getting extinct at the fastest rate known in geological history and most of those extinctions are tied to act.
Conservation: As the scope and significance of biodiversity loss became better understood, positive steps to stem the tide of the sixth mass extinction are proposed and, to some extent, adopted. Several nations have enacted laws protecting endangered wildlife. Now the main focus has shifted far from the preservation of individual species to the protection of huge tracts of habitats linked by corridors that enable animals to maneuver between the habitats.