Question

Name the technique which are employed in the following cases:
A. Transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of another female who cannot produce ova but can provide a suitable environment for fertilization and development.
B. Embryo is formed in a laboratory in which sperm is directly injected into an ovum.

Answer 1

Inability of a sexually active, non –contracepting couple to achieve pregnancy in one year is called infertility. Women who can get pregnant but are unable to stay pregnant may also be called as infertile. Artificial insemination ( AI ), in –vitro fertilization ( IVF ), surrogacy ect.... are some of the techniques used.

Complete answer:
Transfer of an ovum which is collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of the female who is a receiver and who cannot produce an ova but can provide a suitable environment for fertilization and development. This process is called surrogacy. Surrogacy is a method in which the parents who cannot conceive will take help of other women for assisted reproduction. here the parents work with the surrogate women who will carry and care for their baby(ies) until birth. the surrogacy which helps those who are unable to have children become parents is called gestational surrogacy

Embryo is formed in a laboratory. which is transferred into the sperm and is directly injected into an ovum. This process is called intra cytoplasmic sperm injection. ICSI or intra cytoplasmic sperm injection is an in –vitro fertilization ( IVF ) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg. This technique is used to prepare the gametes for the obtention of embryos that may be transferred to a maternal uterus. There are several differences within classic IVF and ICSI. However the steps followed before and after insemination are the same. In insemination , ICSI needs only sperm cells per oocyte, meanwhile IVF needs 50,000 – 100,000.

Note: Surrogacy has high success rates. They are legally protected. They maintain a biological connection. ICSI involves the injection of a single sperm directly into a mature egg. IVF helps many patients who would be otherwise unable to conceive. It can help single women and same sex couples.