Question

Name the radiation which is responsible for the maximum biological damage.

Answer 1

Radiation is the process of energy emission and propagation or transmission in the form of waves, particles, or rays through a material medium or any space. There are various sorts of radiations, each with unique qualities that allow us to answer this question.

Complete answer:
The maximum biological damage that can be done to an organism on a cellular level is called maximum biological damage.
Gamma rays is responsible for the maximum biological damage.
It has the most penetrating capacity, allowing it to reach the body's interior cells and ionize them. It can disrupt the cell and DNA structures, which can lead to cancer or serious genetic disorders. Gamma rays are emitted by nuclei or when a positron is annihilated by electrons. Radioactive sources produce the most intense gamma rays.
These rays have the shortest wavelength and fastest photon speed, and they have ionizing potential, and are electromagnetic in nature.
The photons that makeup gamma radiations are defined by their energy, which is inversely proportional to their wavelength.
Gamma rays are emitted by nuclei during nuclear processes and are mono-energetic for a specific reaction.
A relativistic electron can transfer a considerable portion of its energy to a low-energy photon during a collision.
Gamma radiation has high penetrating power and can penetrate large layers of most materials. A few feet of concrete allows some high-energy gamma radiation to slip through.

Note:
The ability of different forms of radiation to penetrate through material varies. Alpha particles are stopped by a very thin barrier, such as a sheet of paper or the top layer of skin cells. As a result, alpha particle sources are not deadly when they are outside the body. A small layer of metal stops beta particles from passing through a hand or a thin layer of material like paper or wood.