Question

Name the purine bases and pyrimidine bases present in RNA and DNA.

Answer 1

DNA is defined as deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is made of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made of three of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar group and nitrogen bases. They are double stranded structures.

Complete step by step solution:
Proteins are made of amino acids or we can say amino acids are the building block of proteins. Amino acids are the compounds which are made of carboxylic acid and amines. On the basis of number of these groups present in the amino acids they are classified as:
Acidic amino acids: The amino acid in which the number of carboxylic acid groups is greater than the number of amine groups, are known as acid amino acids.
Basic amino acids: The amino acid in which the number of carboxylic acid groups is lesser than the number of amine groups, are known as basic amino acids.
Neutral amino acids: The amino acid in which the number of carboxylic acid groups is equal to the number of amine groups, are known as neutral amino acids.
RNA: This is known as ribonucleic acid. RNA is made of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made of three of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar group and nitrogen bases. RNA is classified into three categories i.e. ribosomal RNA (r-RNA), messenger RNA (m-RNA) and transfer RNA (t-RNA).
DNA is defined as deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is made of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made of three of three parts: a phosphate group, a sugar group and nitrogen bases. They are double stranded structures.
Purine and pyrimidine are the nitrogenous bases that make the nucleotide bases of RNA and DNA. Purines are two carbon nitrogen ring bases (adenine and guanine) while pyrimidine are one carbon nitrogen ring base (thymine or uracil and cytosine).
RNA contains four nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, uracil and guanine while DNA contains four bases: adenine, cytosine, thymine and guanine.

Note: Ribosomes are constituent particles which are made of RNA and proteins. The functions of ribosomes are as follows: they decode the message and the formation of peptide bonds (the bond which binds proteins to each other i.e. the bond between carboxylic acid groups of one protein with the amine group).