Question

Name the proteoglycan that is secreted from the cortical region of the cytoplasm of an egg and also what is its chemical nature.

Answer 1

A proteoglycan that is secreted from the cortical region of the cytoplasm of an egg is known as Fertilizin which causes the sperm to adhere and penetrate the egg and results in their fusion.

Complete answer:
Fertilizin is a glycoprotein. It is found on the membrane of the ovum and the sperm consists of antifertilizin that is an acidic amino acid. They ensure the fusion of sperm with the ovum which is done by the reaction of Fertilizin and antifertilizin. Some proteins constitute oligosaccharide chains which get attached covalently to the amino acid side chains and the carbohydrate is attached to the protein in a cotranslational modification by the process of glycosylation. The segments get extended extracellularly in proteins which are also often glycosylated. The glycoproteins are the integral membrane proteins which help in the cell to cell interaction and distinguish between the endoplasmic reticulum based glycosylation of the secretory system and the reversible cytosolic nuclear glycosylation. The endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus are responsible for the isolated cells which are evidence for the survival with glycoside inhibitors and can lead to several human diseases which include the congenital disorders of glycosylation which can be lethal in animal models.

Additional information:
Phospholipid: The lipid molecule which has a hydrophilic head and a phosphate group with two hydrophobic tails that get derived from the fatty acids which are joined by an alcohol residue. Simple organic molecules are modified with the phosphate group which includes ethanolamine, serine, and choline.
Steroid: It is an organic compound that is biologically active with four rings that are arranged in a specific manner of molecular configuration. The work on two biological principles and functions as the important components for cell membrane that alter membrane fluidity and as the signaling molecules. They are composed of 17 carbon atoms which are bonded in four fused rings and are attached to the ring core by the oxidation state of the rings.
Carbohydrates: A biomolecule that constitutes carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms is a carbohydrate that includes starch, sugar, and cellulose. They are found in a variety of natural and processed foods which are centralized to nutrition.

So, the correct answer is 'Fertilizin is a proteoglycan that is secreted from the cortical region of the cytoplasm of an egg and is Glycoprotein'.

Note:
The glycoproteins are involved with the immune system that allows the white blood cells to move around the body and initiates the immune responses which identify other cells. It creates mucus to protect certain organs in our body and are essential for keeping our bodies healthy and functional.