Question

Name the process associated with the following:
Milk is churned to separate cream from it.

Answer 1

Churning of milk or to separate the cream from the milk involves the use of centrifugal forces. Two immiscible liquids are separated using this process.

Complete step by step answer:
-Centrifugation method is used for separation of milk and cream.
-Churning of milk is a traditional process in our culture. In daily life we use many products made of milk such as butter, cheese, curd and cream.
-Each product that we obtain from the milk has been made using different processes. For example fermentation is used to make curd out of milk and milk is curdled to make the cheese. In the same way to separate the cream from the milk or to churn the milk we use a centrifugation process. This cream is further used to make butter.
-Churning is carried out to form cream and butter from the milk but this process takes very much time and labor and hence is not considered very efficient these days. Nowadays mechanical and electrical instruments are used for the separation of milk and cream using the centrifugation method. Centrifugation is the process which involves the use of centrifugal force for the separation of two liquids. Centrifugation is carried out in the instrument named as centrifuge. This centrifuge is rotated at very high speed. Due to which the denser component moves away from the axis and the lighter component migrates or moves towards the axis. Cream is lighter than milk and hence cream will move towards the axis and the milk will move away from the axis.

Note:
Centrifugal force is a force that acts on the rotating frame of reference. It is a type of inertial force. The substance is directed inward due to the presence of centrifugal force.