Question

Name the organelle which controls osmotic pressure in a cell.

Answer 1

A cell is defined as a basic membrane bound unit which is capable of carrying out various biological processes. The cell is considered as the most fundamental biological molecule.

**Complete answer :** A cell is the basic biological unit which is the fundamental unit in living organisms. They are the building blocks of all the living things. Cells perform various functions such as digestion and absorption of nutrients from food, passage of gases like oxygen, carbon dioxide and removal of waste products. In addition to this, cells are important for growth and reproduction of living organisms.
Cells contain different types of structures that are concerned to perform specific functions and these structures are known as cell organelles. Cell organelles perform specialised functions that are necessary for different biological processes. Each organelles have a specific structure and mode of action to complete a task.
Cells are generally found in a liquid media and water or liquid movement is necessary for carrying out the different processes. The membrane of the cell possesses several pores that allows entry and exit of different types of molecules. The cell needs various types of nutrients, minerals and gases to continue the biological processes. Also the waste materials produced by the cell has to be removed to maintain the natural internal environment of the cell. The passage of water creates an osmotic pressure on the cell and it has to counteract so as to retain the equilibrium.
The osmotic pressure in the cell is controlled by the cell vacuole present in the cell. The cell vacuole helps to counteract the osmotic pressure by several active transport systems. These systems are present in the membrane of the cell and it binds to the vacuole. The active transport system acts to pump the ions inside the vacuole against the concentration gradient of ions present in the extracellular fluid.

Note: The osmotic pressures created in the cell are controlled and stabilised by the cell vacuole by using the active transport system. The active transport system helps to pump the ions inside the cell vacuole and thereby maintains equilibrium.