Question

Name the hormones which regulated carbohydrate proteins and fats metabolism in our body which glands secrete the hormones? Why do we need to have iodised salt in our diet?

Answer 1

Hormones are the non-nutrient chemical which acts as intracellular messengers and are formed in small quantities. A large number of chemicals function as hormones in vertebrates.

Complete answer:
Thyroxine is the hormone that helps in the regulation of carbohydrate-protein and fat metabolism in our body. This hormone is secreted by the glands known as the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is composed of two lobes which are situated at either side of the trachea and both the lobes are interconnected with each other with a thin flap of connective tissue known as the isthmus. The thyroid gland is composed of follicles and stromal tissues. The follicular cells synthesise two hormones namely tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine and triiodothyronine.
The iodine salt in our diet helps to increase the rate of hormone synthesis in the thyroid as iodine is important for the synthesis of hormones. The lack of iodine in our diet results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland is commonly known as goitre. The process of the enlargement of the thyroid gland is known as hypothyroidism. If the hypothyroidism has taken place during the time of pregnancy it can cause a deficiency in the development and maturation of the growing baby.

Note: Iodine is the most important mineral in our diet and the intake of iodine should be 150mg daily. The food that is rich in iodine is dairy products, fish etc.