Question

Name the fourth and fifth states of matter.

Answer 1

One of the most essential chemical substances on earth is water. It is mostly available in three states on earth. These states are solid, liquid, and gas. Apart from these known states, scientists discovered the other two states also.

Complete step by step answer:
-Water is the combination of two-atom of hydrogen and oxygen. It circulates all over the environment in a specific cycle. $71\%$ of water present all over the earth. It is described as a tasteless, odorless, and colorless substance. Its melting point is ${0^o}C$ and the boiling point is ${100^o}C$. It has a tetrahedral structure and the bond length between hydrogen and oxygen is $0.096nm$. Water has two more states that are Plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate.
-Plasma - It is the fourth state of water that was discovered by Irving Langmuir in $1920$. In this state, gas substances become ionized and produce electrical and magnetic current. In this state free the orbital electron. This state doesn't have a specific shape and volume like gas.
-Gas is converted into plasma by voltage difference and high temperature. The transition of plasma occurs when a solid is converted into a liquid by melting and liquid into the gas by vaporization then gas to plasma by ionization.
-Bose-Einstein condensate - It is the fifth state of water discovered by Satyendra Nath Bose and rectified by Einstein in $1924$. So, it is called a Bose-Einstein condensate. It is formed when gas is cooled at an extremely low temperature that is very near to absolute zero.

Note: Melting point - A temperature at which a solid is transformed into liquid is known as the melting point.
-Boiling point - A temperature at which liquid is transformed into gas is known as the boiling point. Ionization - In this method atom or molecule gains a positive or negative charge by gaining or losing an electron.