Question

Name the following:
A. The region of the axis between the point of the attachment of the cotyledons and the plumule.
B. The undigested cellulose which is fibrous in nature.
C. A vaccine for Poliomyelitis
D. A large hole at the back of the cranium through which the spinal cord passes.
E. A serious food poisoning disease caused due to bacteria in canned foods.

Answer 1

Zygote is the product of fertilization of male and female gametes. The zygote gives rise to embryos after a predetermined mode of divisions. The process of embryo development is endoscopic and is called embryogenesis.

Complete answer:
-Zygote undergoes elongation and divides transversely into two unequal cells i.e. terminal or epibasal cell and suspension or hypo basal cell. Epibasal forms cotyledon and plumule and high basal cell forms hypocotyl.
-The region of the axis between the point of the attachment of the cotyledons and the plumule is called epicotyl and the region below the cotyledon is called hypocotyl which terminates with radicle or root cap and is covered with a root cap.
-The undigested cellulose which is fibrous in nature is called roughage. Roughage is an essential component of a balanced diet. It is not digested in the body and helps in easing the bowel movement. It helps in curing constipation.
-A vaccine for Poliomyelitis is salk. Vaccines are the preparations of dead or weakened pathogens which when injected in the body, starts an immune response. This helps in developing memory cells in the body against the disease and when the pathogens attack the body again, these memory cells recognize them and initiate secondary immune responses against them.
-Brain and spinal cord develop from the infolding of the neural plate of the ectoderm of the embryo immediately dorsal to the notochord. A large hole at the back of the cranium through which the spinal cord passes is called foramen magnum. Spinal cord is the posterior part of the central nervous system that runs mid-dorsally within the vertebral column.
-Botulism is a serious food poisoning disease caused due to bacterium Clostridium botulinum in canned foods. Abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and nausea are the common symptoms of the disease.

Note: Polio is a disease caused by poliovirus which is also known as infantile paralysis. The disease mainly spreads through the intestinal discharge and is characterized by causing the inflammation of the nervous system.