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Question: Name the five different structural isomers of hexane....

Name the five different structural isomers of hexane.

Explanation

Solution

Isomerism is an important phenomenon for compounds. The phenomena in which different compounds having the same chemical formula but different structures are known as isomerism and the compounds exhibiting isomerism are known as isomers.

Complete answer:
Isomerism is of different types. Broadly they are divided into structural isomers and stereoisomers. Structural isomers are further divided into chain isomers, position isomers and functional isomers. Whereas stereoisomers are of two types namely geometric and optical isomers.
Structural isomers are also known as constitutional isomers. As the name suggests they have the same molecular formula but they differ in their structure.
HexaneHexane is made up of two terms, HexHex and aneane. HexHex represents that there are six numbers of carbons and aneane stands for alkane group. So together they mean that HexaneHexane is an alkane which consists of six carbon atoms with the chemical formula C6H14{C_6}{H_{14}}.
HexaneHexane is a nonpolar molecule as the carbon and hydrogen have an electronegativity difference which classifies the molecule as non-polar.
The isomers that are possible for HexaneHexane are five. They are:
HexaneHexane - It is a straight chain consisting of six carbon atoms. The chemical formula is CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_3}
  2−Methylpentane (Isohexane)\;2 - Methylpentane{\text{ }}\left( {Isohexane} \right) - It is a five membered chain with one MethylMethylbranch on second carbon CH3CH(CH)3CH2CH2CH3C{H_3}CH{(CH)_3}C{H_2}C{H_2}C{H_3}
  3−Methylpentane\;3 - Methylpentane- CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3C{H_3}C{H_2}CH(C{H_3})C{H_2}C{H_3}, is a five-carbon chain with one MethylMethyl group on third carbon.
2,3−Dimethylbutane2,3 - Dimethylbutane- CH3CH(CH3)CH(CH3)CH3C{H_3}CH(C{H_3})CH(C{H_3})C{H_3}, four carbon chain with one MethylMethyl group on second and third carbon.
2,2−Dimethylbutane(Neohexane)2,2 - Dimethylbutane(Neohexane)- CH3C(CH3)2CH2CH3C{H_3}C{(C{H_3})_2}C{H_2}C{H_3} It is a four carbon chain with two MethylMethyl group attached on second carbon.

Note:
HexaneHexane has many uses in our day to day life. Its is used as a solvents for varnishes, inks and adhesive. It is also used in food industries like for extracting edible oils from seeds and vegetables. The additive used in gasoline, glue are all form of HexaneHexane