Question

Name the factors in the Doppler effect on which the change in frequency depends.

Answer 1

The Doppler effect, also known as the Doppler shift, is the change in frequency of a wave as a result of an observer moving away from the wave source. It was named after Christian Doppler, an Austrian scientist who first reported the phenomena in 1842. The change in pitch perceived as a vehicle with a horn approaches and recedes from an observer is a frequent example of Doppler shift. The received frequency is greater during the approach, identical at the time of passing by, and lower during the recession as compared to the emitted frequency.

Complete answer:
The effect generated by a moving source of waves is known as the Doppler effect. For observers facing the source, there seems to be an upward movement in frequency, whereas for observers facing away from the source, there appears to be a downward shift in frequency. When there is motion increasing or reducing the distance between the source and the receiver, the Doppler effect causes the received frequency of a source (how it is perceived when it arrives at its destination) to change from the transmitted frequency.
In astronomy, the Doppler effect is useful because it allows the velocity of light-emitting objects in space, such as stars or galaxies, to be calculated.
It was discovered by Christian Johann Doppler, who characterised it as the process of starlight increasing or decreasing based on the relative velocity of the star.
The Doppler Effect is the shift in frequency of a sound wave caused by the observer moving toward or away from the source, or the source moving toward or away from the observer. The sound's changing frequency is determined by.
${f}'=f\left( \dfrac{v\pm {{v}_{o}}}{v\pm {{v}_{s}}} \right)$
Here, $f^{\prime}$ is the observer's frequency, f is the sound's real frequency, v is the sound's speed, ${{v}_{o}}$ is the observer's speed, and ${{v}_{s}}$ is the source's speed.
As a result, the new frequency is determined by the sound source's original frequency, the speed of sound, the speed of the observer, and the speed of the source. As a result, the frequency is unaffected by the distance between the source and the observer. Similarly, the frequency shift is unaffected by the distance between the source and the observer.

Note:
The velocity of the observer and the source for waves propagating in a medium, such as sound waves, is relative to the medium in which the waves are transmitted. Motion of the source, motion of the observer, or motion of the medium can all cause the entire Doppler effect. Each of these influences is looked at independently. Only the relative difference in velocity between the observer and the source needs to be addressed for waves that do not require a medium, such as electromagnetic or gravitational waves, giving birth to the relativistic Doppler effect.