Question

Name the excretory organs of grasshoppers.
A. Malpighian tubule
B. Nephridia
C. Flame cells
D. None of the above

Answer 1

Hint:- Terrestrial adaptation necessitated the production of lesser toxic nitrogenous wastes like urea and uric acid for conservation of water. Urea can be tolerated in much more concentrated form because it is 100,000 times less toxic than ammonia Mammals, many terrestrial amphibians and marine fishes mainly excrete urea and are called ureotelic Animals.

Complete answer:
The organs that are used for removal of waste material from the body are known as excretory organs. Excretory organs remove three kinds of nitrogenous wastes – ammonia, urea and uric acid. They are also used in osmoregulation. They maintain a regular osmotic pressure in the body.
An excretory tube removes body waste from the body cavity through excretory pores.
Different organisms use different structures for excretion like earthworms use excretory tubes.
Now let us gather information about given options:
Malpighian tubule: Malpighian tubules are the excretory structure of most insects including cockroaches. These tubes are present in most of the insects as for example grasshopper is the most common example.
Nephridia: Nephridia are tubular excretory structures present in earthworm and other annelids. Annelids are organisms that possess metameres. The nephridia helps to remove toxic substances from them.
Flame cells: They are also known as protonephridia. They are excretory structures of platyhelminthes. Taenia is an example of platyhelminthes. They help in excretion as well as osmoregulation.
None of the above: as one of the options is correct. This option cannot be correct.

Our required option is a that is Malpighian tubule

Note:- Aquatic insects mainly excrete ammonia and it is the least toxic form. But in general insects excrete uric acid and are called as uricotelic animals. They excrete uric acid in the form of pellets or paste with a minimum loss of water. Malpighian tubules are complex structures.