Question

NADP is the abbreviation of
(a) Nicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide phosphate
(b) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
(c) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleus phosphate
(d) Nicotinamide adenosine dinucleus phosphate

Answer 1

NADP is a NAD phosphorylated derivative and is composed of one of the bases of purine nucleotides. NADP is a coenzyme that holds the energy used in cellular processes. In the light stage of photosynthesis, it acts as a hydrogen acceptor and is eventually involved in reducing carbon dioxide in the dark reactions.

Complete step by step answer:
NADP stands for Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. It is a coenzyme composed of ribosyl nicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) connected to 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. In a variety of reactions, it acts as an electron carrier, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH).
NADP generation is catalyzed by NAD kinases, which transfers a phosphate group, most commonly from ATP to NAD's 2′-hydroxyl group of adenosine ribose. NADP synthesis therefore critically depends on NAD's availability and can be considered as another significant NAD-consuming mechanism, in addition to the NAD-dependent signaling reactions.
When an atom of hydrogen is added, NADP is charged, and is called NADPH. During the Krebs (citric acid) cycle and glycolysis and in light-dependent photosynthesis reactions, NADP is used extensively.
Also, the cell is investing a substantial amount of energy to retain NADP in its reduced state, while retaining a readily available pool of electrons to reduce oxidized compounds. NADPH is the universal donor of an electron in reduction biosynthesis and cell detoxification; it also plays a central role in oxidative protection systems. But it can also cause oxidative damage by NADPH oxidase activity.

So, the correct answer is, ‘(b) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate’.

Note: NADP is the reducing agent formed by photosynthesis light reactions and consumed during the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis and used in many other anabolic reactions in both plants and animals. It acts as a coenzyme in the reaction that involves the reduction of ferredoxin by NADP reductase.